In India, this historical trend of non-performing assets (NPAs) is aims to understand a contributing major various factor that which helps to give the growth of NPAs, and to analyses their effect on economical health of banking industry. The research focuses on India’s pattern and movement of NPAs over a significant timeline across public & private banks. In the Indian banking sector, NPA is most challenging one, which affect profitability, credit expansion, financial stability and overall liquidity. Further the major internal and external factors to be investigated for the growth in NPAs, like economic deceleration, ineffective monitoring, and poor credit appraisal, sectoral imbalance, & policy-related issues. The research is a quantitative in nature and its work according to the secondary and primary data, which is gathered through bank managers having experience in loan management and NPA handling. These study findings determinate to enable a clear consideration of NPA scenario in Indian banks and its conclusion for the soundness and sustainability of the banking industry.