The increasing complexity of banking regulation and sustainability mandates has intensified the need for technology-enabled compliance mechanisms in the financial sector. This study examines how FinTech has transformed regulatory and sustainability compliance in Indian banking through a longitudinal case study of State Bank of India (SBI). Adopting a qualitative, secondary-data-based case study approach, the research analyses SBI’s Annual Reports and Sustainability Reports from 2020–21 to 2025–26, supplemented by regulatory frameworks issued by the Reserve Bank of India and relevant policy documents.                   

The findings reveal a progressive evolution of compliance architecture at SBI, moving from crisis-driven and reactive compliance during the COVID-19 period to integrated, system-embedded, and predictive compliance governance. FinTech adoption significantly enhanced key compliance domains, including digital KYC and AML processes, regulatory reporting, NPA recognition and provisioning, and sustainability and ESG disclosures. Sustainability compliance, in particular, evolved from voluntary reporting to mandatory, assured, and technology-enabled compliance under the BRSR framework, supported by robust digital data governance systems. The longitudinal evidence further indicates that FinTech-enabled compliance contributed to improved asset quality monitoring, higher provisioning adequacy, enhanced auditability, and reduced regulatory friction over time.                                                

The study contributes to RegTech and banking governance literature by positioning FinTech as a core compliance capability rather than a peripheral innovation. By focusing on a systemically important public sector bank, the research offers policy-relevant insights into how FinTech can strengthen regulatory and sustainability compliance in emerging economies. The findings have important implications for regulators, bank management, and policymakers seeking to balance digital transformation, regulatory effectiveness, and sustainable banking practices.