In an increasingly interconnected and digitalized business landscape, traditional Business Process Management (BPM) systems face critical limitations—particularly in areas of trust, transparency, and multi-party coordination. Blockchain technology, with its decentralized architecture, immutability, and programmable smart contracts, presents a transformative opportunity to re-engineer BPM for strategic resilience and trust-driven automation. This review critically examines the integration of blockchain into BPM, focusing on its potential to revolutionize how organizations execute, monitor, and govern business processes.

The paper explores the conceptual alignment between blockchain principles and BPM frameworks, highlighting key integration points such as autonomous workflow execution, real-time auditability, cross-enterprise collaboration, token-based incentivization, and process transparency. Drawing from sector-specific use cases in supply chain, finance, healthcare, real estate, and human resources, it illustrates how blockchain enhances operational integrity while reducing friction and reliance on intermediaries. The paper also examines architectural models that support this convergence, including hybrid on-chain/off-chain designs, oracle-based automation, and decentralized identity frameworks.

Despite its promise, blockchain-BPM integration is not without challenges—ranging from scalability and data privacy concerns to legal ambiguity and organizational resistance. The paper identifies these limitations and outlines research gaps that must be addressed to realize the full potential of this integration.

Ultimately, this strategic review argues that blockchain is not merely an add-on to BPM but a foundational shift towards process ecosystems that are verifiable, autonomous, and future-ready. As businesses evolve toward decentralized and trustless environments, blockchain-enabled BPM will become a key driver of sustainable competitive advantage