The COVID-19 pandemic caused major disruptions to global and local economies. It impacted food systems, changed the behavior of consumer, and supply chain system. The crisis revealed weaknesses in food demand and supply system, decreased household incomes, and quickened changes in consumer behavior. Panic buying, movement toward non-perishable goods, and a greater reliance on digital platforms changed consumer behavior. Labor shortages, transportation issues, and market closures exposed shortcomings in food supply chains. At the same time, locally based food systems and digital platforms developed as substitute models for resilience.
This paper is based upon conceptual and literature study to explore the effects of COVID-19 on food security, demand-supply pattern, and supply chain management, digitalization. By literature studies, theoretical frameworks, the results indicate that the pandemic both deepened existing vulnerabilities and accelerated critical transformations within food systems. This paper emphasizes the importance of diversified supply chains, strengthened digital infrastructure, and sustainable consumption practices for enhance long-term resilience. At the end it concludes with policy suggestions for governments, businesses, and households to help prevent future crises while promoting fair and inclusive food systems
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