The 21st century demands a shift towards renewable energy, as international bodies, trade groups, and associations urge member states to decrease CO2 emissions through policies promoting sustainable growth. Among these is the BRICS alliance, consisting of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa - emerging economies that accounted for nearly 30% of global GDP in 2024. A Lancet study on pollution and health highlighted that pollution-induced illnesses caused 16% of worldwide deaths in 2025, totaling 9 million premature fatalities. Air pollution, responsible for 85% of airborne particulate matter, presents the gravest concern. The energy sector, a primary polluter, releases Sulfur oxides (SOx), Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Carbon Monoxide (CO), and Methane (CH4) as key air contaminants. Considering the BRICS nations' global significance, assessing their renewable energy capacity is vital. This research explores the BRICS countries' involvement and accomplishments in the renewable energy field, while also examining how digital transformation influences these endeavors...
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