Evolving dynamics of women’s leadership in the banking sector have drawn increasing attention in recent years, particularly in developing economies where gender parity remains a significant challenge. In Nepal, the public banking sector reflects both progress and persistent structural constraints in achieving gender-inclusive managerial ecosystems. This paper synthesizes existing literature to explore the nexus between women’s empowerment and managerial effectiveness within public banks in Nepal. Through an integrative review of empirical and policy-driven studies, it identifies key empowerment dimensions decision-making authority, leadership autonomy, and institutional access that influence women’s leadership outcomes. The paper also examines how organizational and socio-cultural dynamics either facilitate or hinder women’s upward mobility in leadership roles. The synthesis reveals that while isolated policy reforms have improved women’s representation, systemic barriers rooted in institutional culture and societal norms continue to limit their effectiveness. The article concludes with strategic recommendations informed by international best practices and contextual nuances to promote an enabling environment for women leaders in Nepalese public banks