This study is aimed to examine the demographic threats as important elements in the system of economic and national security. At the same time, it should be taken into account that the EAEU countries have significant intellectual potential for solving the problems of ensuring demographic security and it should be properly used for the mentioned purpose. As a result of the study, it can be concluded that it is possible to support and strengthen demographic security in modern conditions by eliminating economic and political threats, satisfying the basic interests of the individual, society and the state. Finally, an important threat to ensuring intellectual and security in the context of the demographic development of Eurasian integration is the targeted activity of various states, on the one hand, "luring" highly qualified specialists trained in post-Soviet countries and especially in the EAEU countries, and on the other, deliberately underestimating or discrediting the achievements of their own scientific intelligence in the world community. It is obvious that in order to ensure, maintain and strengthen demographic security it is necessary to implement a set of organizational, legal, economic and other measures aimed at preserving and reproducing the existing intellectual potential.