This study reframes Working Capital Management (WCM) as a driver of both internal financial efficiency and consumer-facing outcomes. While prior WCM research largely focuses on profitability, the consumer-side effects remain underexplored. Addressing this gap, the study proposes and tests a dual-path framework linking WCM to profitability through consumer-linked channels. Using Indian listed firms from 2001 to 2024, the panel data regressions show that inventory and receivables efficiency, and Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC) optimization, significantly enhance profitability. Payables management supports strategic supplier credit use. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) reveals that consumer-linked pathways are statistically significant. Inventory efficiency enhances profitability via product availability and satisfaction. CCC optimization improves profitability through stable cashflows and reinvestment in service. Trade credit policies bolster pricing flexibility and competitive positioning. Sectoral WCM strategies influence consumer reliability through operational risk management
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