This study analyzes the impact of human resource policies on job satisfaction and organizational commitment among workers in the Vietnamese coal industry. The study uses a quantitative approach, collecting survey data from workers employed in coal industry enterprises and analyzing it using a structural equation model. The results show that human resource policies have a positive impact on job satisfaction; job satisfaction strongly influences organizational commitment; and human resource policies directly impact organizational commitment. Furthermore, job satisfaction is confirmed to be a mediating variable in the relationship between human resource policies and organizational commitment. These findings suggest that enhancing employee commitment should be approached by improving job satisfaction through human resource policies tailored to the specific characteristics of coal mining operations. This study provides empirical evidence for human resource management in the context of heavy industry, and suggests directions for improving human resource policies to stabilize and develop the workforce in Vietnam's coal industry.