Purpose: Sales department is one of the most important verticals for any organization it has a direct impact on both the top-line and the bottom-line of the organisation. Sales leadership has an important role to play to drive the sales executives to achieve the organisational agenda. Hence, it becomes important to maintain a positive relationship between sales managers and the sales executives.

so this study is to find out the impact of the leadership style of the sales managers on the performance of the sales team.

Theoretical Framework: This conceptual framework identifies major components like leadership, sales team & manager. The study focuses on the two major companies of the BFSI industry. The industry has performed well in past few years and the ICICI group of companies has been a major player in the industry.

Methodology approach: The conceptual framework has been proposed after identifying the components that are significant & analyses leadership style in two major domains – People Oriented Leaders and Task Oriented Leaders.

Findings: The components identified for this study & can be considered to have an influence on success.

Research implication: The model attempts to achieve     a good fitment of sales managers and sales teams in order to achieve continued good results.

Originality: This article is a contribution to the industry has performed well in past few years and the ICICI group of companies.

The study investigates the mediating influence of consumer trust in information sources as well as the interaction between product knowledge and wine fashion consciousness. The results of the PLS-SEM approach applied via SmartPLS v. 4.0 confirm that consumers' decisions and market trends can be influenced by opinion leaders who highly value expert reviews and sellers. In the wine industry, when producers and consumers conflict over quality information, confidence in information sources mediates. Practically, knowing opinion leaders and seekers can enable the wine business to create more successful marketing plans that strengthen customer trust and awareness of wine products.

The coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak has severely impacted the global economy, particularly the tourism industry. Lockdowns and epidemic prevention measures imposed in many countries have restricted the range and methods of travel. However, since many people still need to travel, they may change their initial plans through substitution. This study examined the travel substitution behaviors of Taiwanese citizens during the pandemic based on the theory of planned behavior. By including an additional perceived risk variable, we expanded the theory of planned behavior model to analyze the association between the perceived risk level and changes in travel behaviors during the pandemic and the possible travel substitutes adopted by visitors for dining, accommodation, transportation, sightseeing, shopping, and entertainment. We used a mixed-method approach, conducting in-depth qualitative interviews to examine the interviewees’ potential travel substitution behaviors during the pandemic and then developing and administering a pre-test questionnaire based on the interview results. Then, we used convenience sampling to administer 580 online questionnaires to financially capable Taiwanese citizens aged ≥18 years. This study successfully developed an extended TPB model to examine the travel intentions of Taiwanese citizens during the pandemic. The results indicate that visitors have more intentions to travel when they have substitutes in the post-pandemic era. Moreover, the explanatory power of perceived behavioral control on travel-related behavioral intentions was stronger than attitudes and subjective norms. Our results are expected to provide a reference for tourism operators to suitably adjust their business models during an uncertain time.

Branding has become a crucial factor in product differentiation, competitive advantage, and profitability in today's business landscape. Aligned with evolving marketing principles that emphasize clear brand identity and uniqueness, branding now serves as the foundation for many organizations. It plays a vital role in creating customer value by enhancing psychological and aesthetic experiences. A strong brand identity is essential for businesses seeking to establish a competitive edge and foster consumer engagement. This study will present the key strategies for building a compelling brand identity, including consistency in messaging, visual branding, emotional connection, and value proposition alignment. By analyzing consumer behavior and market trends, the research highlights how brands can create meaningful interactions, enhance loyalty, and drive long-term success. The study will employ a conceptual framework to examine real-world and marketing practices that effectively engage consumers. The findings will provide insights into best practices for businesses aiming to strengthen their brand identity and cultivate a loyal customer base.

One of India's fastest-growing industries is the jewellery industry. The research looked into the amount of client preference for branded jewellery. The study's goal is to find out how much customers like branded jewellery and how satisfied they are with gold jewellery in Hyderabad. The study's goals are to investigate socioeconomic profiles and their perceptions of gold jewellery, the reasons for purchasing jewellery, the diversity in brand awareness preference for gold jewellery among respondents, and the level of satisfaction before and after purchasing gold jewellery. Primary and secondary sources are used to compile the data. A sample of 100 respondents was selected for the study using convenience sampling technique. Google Forms' online survey tools were used to conduct the study. Secondary data from journals, magazines, the internet, and other sources was also used by the researcher. Percentage analysis, correlation, paired t test, chi-square test, and Likert scale analysis are used to analyse the data. It can be determined that there is no significant association between respondents' educational qualifications and aspects such as price, branded quality, numerous kinds/models, and fast settlements/delivery when it comes to gold jewellery purchases. The most essential factors in choosing a branded store were price, branded quality, many varieties/models, and fast settlements/delivery

As the customer service sector progresses quickly, AI-powered solutions have shown to be revolutionary. This study investigates the complex relationship between AI-powered customer service and customer loyalty, emphasizing the intermediaries of customer satisfaction and perceived efficiency. The research was a cross-sectional survey with 378 participants. Respondents who have recently (within the previous four months) interacted with AI-powered customer care filled out a standardized electronic questionnaire. The results showed that AI-powered customer service had a favorable effect on customer satisfaction and perceived efficiency, with path coefficients of 0.92 and 0.94, respectively. The study also found a significant relationship between Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty (Path coefficient = 1.07) and Perceived Efficiency and Customer Loyalty (Path coefficient = 0.23).  The research findings highlight the significance of customer satisfaction and perceived efficiency in increasing customer loyalty. Firms must emphasize system efficiency and customer satisfaction to realize the full benefits of AI-powered customer service. Prioritizing a client-centric approach to AI will help these technologies understand user desires and preferences, thus leading to a more effortless and enjoyable customer experience.

An Indian employee spends around 28.6 years at workplace in their life. Workplace ostracism may affect KPI's and consequences at workplace. It is a grave problem area and must be addressed effectively by all organizational employees. It is everyone's responsibility to make workplaces better day by day. Suffering workplace ostracism at any point of time or longer duration may affect all variables of research title negatively.

In the current scenario, workplaces are happening. Organizations are racing towards diversity, Inclusion, digitalization, new edge technologies and employee well-being for competitive advantage. Under such a situation knowingly or unknowingly, consciously or unconsciously may be because of biased perceptions of each other employee’s welcome workplace ostracism, and it is affecting inclusivity. At workplaces all types of employees work to meet the organizational objective.

This pepar will assist to understand Despite of all personalities, communication styles, individual experiences of employees how management should address the workplace ostracism, based on landmark research what to focus to minimize workplace ostracism. At the end of the day what matters to employees and employers is the culture which supports inclusive and high performing individuals and teams with healthy employee physical and mental wellbeing.

Sustainable business models (SBMs) are essential for Indian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) because of their economic performance and environmental sustainability. This article examines the challenge and potential of SBMs through entrepreneurship, innovation, and digitalization in Indian SMEs. Based on a large data analysis, we investigate the impacts of digital transformation, government support, and entrepreneurship based on sustainability on SME growth and resilience. Financial limitations, poor technological infrastructure, and regulatory issues are quoted as the main deterrents to Indian SMEs adopting SBMs at scale. Green product demand growth, government pro-incentive policies, and digitalization are the main opportunities that can help SMEs mainstream sustainability in their business models. The research methodology integrates primary data gathered from 200 SME entrepreneurs and secondary data from Ministry of MSME, NITI Aayog, and international organization reports. Statistical analysis finds a robust correlation between digital adoption and sustainability performance, where digitalized SMEs are more efficient and sustainable in their sustainability practices. Regression analysis indicates government support, market demand, and investment in digitalization as key drivers of effective SBM implementation in Indian SMEs. The study implies that Indian SMEs need to embrace long-term sustainability through encouraging innovation, digital uptake, and collaborative partnership with policymakers and industry players. Critical policy intervention includes enhanced funding schemes for sustainable SMEs, efficient regulation processes, and targeted digital literacy programs. The current research is a contribution to the literature in the form of empirical evidence of India's SMEs' sustainability transformation. Future research may study sector-specific SBM strategies and comparative studies with other emerging economies' SMEs to continue enriching knowledge on sustainable business practices.

In the current scenario banking sector plays a vital role in a human life. People are using online banking and mobile banking also known as green banking to carry on their day to day work easily and at a faster way. This helps to save the resources of the bank in an effective and efficient way. The concept of Green Banking helps to create a cleaner and greener future as green banking has a direct impact on environment. This study has been made to study the level of employee awareness regarding “Green Banking Services” initiative taken by various private sector banks in India, Chennai district to help the customers carry their work in a peaceful way.

Misleading advertisement or what has come to be known as the so-called ‘shopping lies’ are now a significant area of interest in consumer behavior and yet their effect or influence on consumer trust, purchase intentions, and the level of brand loyalty is still largely unknown. This paper aims to determine the effects of persuasion cues in shopping websites with a special attention to the role of trust. Thus, the study used a survey administration to gather data from N = 500, online shoppers, selected with convenience sampling and administered a structured questionnaire. EFA and CFA confirmed the bifactor model for the shopping mall deception that includes Deception (e.g, fake offers) and Misrepresentation (e.g., false policies). SEM was used to establish the relationship as regards the development of the hypotheses. This research finally found that shopping lies are negatively associated to consumer trust with r value of -0.58 with a statistical significance of 0.000 while positively related to purchase intention with a r value of 0.42 and a consequently a statistical significance of 0.000. Literally, the results of the regression analysis reveal that while lies associated with shopping lead to direct purchases (Coefficient= 0.39, p < 0.001), they also negatively affect brand loyalty (Coefficient = -0.25, p < 0.001). The work suggests that these strategies and other tactics which a firm might employ to appear high and mighty in front of its competitor and to deceive the customers will work for a while and later result to loss of the same customers. Marketing that is ethical is critical to the stability of business since it fosters the trust that is needed from the consumers.

Green Climate Fund (GCF), as an operating organization within UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement, is the world's largest climate fund, mandated to help developing countries realize their NDCs and their ambi-tions toward a low-emission, climate-resilient pathway through projects and proposals. Furthermore, us-es its opportunities to address the climate crisis, fragile infrastructure, and vulnerable sectors that sus-tain economic and GDP growth, and its desires for the countries to get on the GCF floor. Furthermore, GCF is leading and approving climate finance projects designed for vulnerable countries and calling for funding proposal approvals. GCF allocation funds are designed in various types, such as a project port-folio with 10.8 billion dollars in funding, and out of 200 projects, 128 projects are approved for develop-ing countries; a readiness and preparatory support program, a simplified approval process (SAP); and a project preparation facility (PPF) is approved, as well as a readiness and preparatory support program, a SAP, and a PPF. To achieve the above aims, countries require a comprehensive approach to channeling funds into sustainable sectors. In this paper, we briefly discuss the GCF's anticipated project design and funding program allocation.

The purpose of this conceptual paper is to propose a means to investigate the consumer values that influence the adoption of DPPs within the secondary luxury market. Guided by the theory of consumption values, the authors investigate the adoption of DPPs among consumers while considering the influence of conditional, emotional, function, and social values. As this study is conceptual, future research is needed to test the proposed hypotheses constructed. This paper provides a thorough review of DPPs, propose how can the values incorporated in the theory of consumption values apply to the adoption of DPPs within the secondary luxury market, and communicate future research on this phenomenon. The use of DPPs is an excellent investment for brands, as it creates a unique opportunity to address any concerns related to the authenticity of secondary luxury goods while offering unparalleled new customer experiences and marketing innovations. DPPs also encourages a more circular economic model as they support the repurchase of luxury products, enabling more sustainable and responsible practices

This paper explores some of the complex interplays that exist between governance effectiveness, risk assessment, and risk management more so, in addressing global catastrophic risks. A quantitatively rigorous methodology was used to gather data through stratified surveys of policymakers, members of disaster response (professionals and students), and academics. Confirmatory Factor Analysis validated the measurement model, while Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) revealed significant relationships: The results revealed both governance effectiveness had a positive relationship with mitigation strategies (β=0.61, p<0.01) and risk identification as a moderator variable that affected this relationship (indirect effect =0.29, p<0.01). Categorically, the indices showed that there was a perfect fit in the model (CFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.035) with the observed data. Mean score for governance effectiveness was 3.45 (SD = 0.89) and descriptive statistics on this index underlined the differences between regions. When governance metrics increased by 10%, catastrophic risk scores decreased by 20%; such findings underlined the importance of governance reforms. Pearson correlations test further supported the significance of the relationship between governance and risk identification (r = 0 .72). The results point to governance and risk aggressiveness in identifying risks as important in global risk management, providing practical implications for policy makers in developing defense mechanisms against adverse occurrences.

Bolstered brands use biophilic design principles to improve brand perception and engagement because of the ever-increasing consumer demand for sustainable and ecologically friendly products. Consumer brand attachment to nature and the relationship between such a link with the theory of 'Biophilia' (as defined by Wilson, 1984 as a human affinity for nature) has not been examined. In the study of branding for sustainability, the relationship between biophilia, eco–brand perception, and brand attachment is considered herein. The results indicate that biophilic design increases consumer perception of eco-friendly brands but does not have an effect on predicting brand attachment. Eco-brand perception, however, has a minor role in determining its influence on consumer-brand relationships but is not statistically significant. As reflected in the literature review, brand attachment is a complex process that is based on trust, authenticity, emotional storytelling as well as ethical consumerism. Through case studies of the successful integration of biophilic branding and sustainability narratives in Patagonia, Aesopus, and Lush, I show how brands develop stronger relationships with consumers. Based on this, the study ends with the argument that biophilic branding should be accompanied by transparent sustainability practices and emotional storytelling to boost long-term brand attachment. Further research should further investigate the potential variation of the cultural, sensory experience, and authenticity in biophilic branding.

Bolstered brands use biophilic design principles to improve brand perception and engagement because of the ever-increasing consumer demand for sustainable and ecologically friendly products. Consumer brand attachment to nature and the relationship between such a link with the theory of 'Biophilia' (as defined by Wilson, 1984 as a human affinity for nature) has not been examined. In the study of branding for sustainability, the relationship between biophilia, eco–brand perception, and brand attachment is considered herein. The results indicate that biophilic design increases consumer perception of eco-friendly brands but does not have an effect on predicting brand attachment. Eco-brand perception, however, has a minor role in determining its influence on consumer-brand relationships but is not statistically significant. As reflected in the literature review, brand attachment is a complex process that is based on trust, authenticity, emotional storytelling as well as ethical consumerism. Through case studies of the successful integration of biophilic branding and sustainability narratives in Patagonia, Aesopus, and Lush, I show how brands develop stronger relationships with consumers. Based on this, the study ends with the argument that biophilic branding should be accompanied by transparent sustainability practices and emotional storytelling to boost long-term brand attachment. Further research should further investigate the potential variation of the cultural, sensory experience, and authenticity in biophilic branding.

Generative AI and neural networks have been a game changer for industries such as financial services. In this essay, we argue that the use of generative AI results in chatbots enhancing the employee experience, efficiency, and workflow automation in employee services, as well as access to digital banking services and apps such as payroll. The resulting savings associated with cost per pay, along with the availability of a cost-effective ground truth supply of data related to labor market transactions, have disrupted traditional workforce analytics, providing new insights to improve hiring processes such as long-tail sourcing, salary benchmarking, and predicting when employees may decide to leave their jobs. Adding generative AI to utilities allows its application in different service offerings, such as tracking when gift cards are used or when orders are associated with a lost or stolen credit card. Furthermore, the use of chatbots in payroll has the potential to feed into a programmable wallet to streamline payments or be used to pay small business owners. Our ability to economically manage our exchanged labor within the market, along with the available data to utilize this supply in applications, allows us to remove decision-making tasks from HR via automatic decision-making systems, whereby HR's main role is to monitor, guide, and ensure that AI decision-making occurs ethically, fairly, and in compliance with standards and legislation. This means that the role of humans within HR can focus on compliance with data privacy, while the economically available labor supply data can be used for workforce utility analytics. Workforce analytics and the availability of AI-supplied talent have introduced huge possibilities for management in all administrative HR decision-making, allowing our labor supply to assist HR managerial decisions to the exclusion of machine learning operational analytics in the majority of HR activities. The typical decision planning within the HR office can be described as an interdisciplinary field, which includes staff management and employment planning. A truly innovative HR office would combine the most economically available workforce data from AI supply analytics that is accessible through the applicant tracking system with a workforce plan incorporating management information systems and technology. By combining these labor market technology tools with the AI-based HRIS workforce plan, our decision choices can be less biased. There is potential for HRIS AI development and the use of MIS workforce analytics.

Investment platforms have seen a significant shift in design and usage since the introduction of digital brokerage and algorithmic trading. Trading platforms, which were initially designed to accommodate a traditional brokerage framework, have adopted complex data analysis features to complement quantitative trading models. These adoption strategies suggest a shift in integrating brokerage, algorithmic trading, and big data technologies, which maintain certain innate characteristics of existing trading platforms. This has resulted in the development of investment platforms that incorporate trading and data features that utilize predictive modeling and financial data. These changes signal a shift in the evolution of trading platforms and a move towards a more sophisticated investment management tool that relies on algorithmic, data-driven strategies. The implications of such a technological shift on the financial ecosystem raise questions about the behavior of end users and the regulation of such technological interventions. Advancements in digital brokerage and algorithmic trading opportunities have evolved investment platforms and systems, aligning a parallel between technological creations, which produce big data, and a system of professional knowledge gathering and skilled interpretation. These linkages, forged as part of financial systems, systems of techniques, and systems of professional knowledge, bring about significant financial disruption and call into question the role of information and meaning-making in an economy. As a result, various aspects of technological applications across a range of platforms and their subsequent impact have prompted both a closer examination of the opportunities for a larger investor community through data-driven activity, as well as concern over the increasing black-boxed knowledge in contemporary finance. This addresses the interconnectedness of advancements in fintech, which establishes a series of formats as emerging modes of competitive algorithmic trading, providing a general overview of fintech development, internet trading platforms, and deepening fintech tools, legal regulatory implications, the impact of contemporary advancements in retail brokerage, and global datasets in finance.

Research evidence on several black swan events and their impact on equity markets are plenty. Most studies have examined the impact of specific events and have not compared the distinct impact of crises on global equity markets. Understanding the distinct impact of events on global equity markets can help investors and financial institutions better manage risk. This research aims to explore the distinct impact of health versus financial crisis on global equity markets.  The focus of this study is to gain perspectives by examining two health crisis COVID 19 (2020), SARS (2003) vis-à-vis Global Financial Crisis (2008) on five major indices the S & P 500, FTSE 100, EURO STOXX 50, Shanghai Composite Index and NIFTY 50. To measure the early effect of black swan events on selected markets, risk velocity is calculated for 7 - trading days and 30 - trading days.  Trend analysis is charted for a span of six months to trace the pattern of recovery. Daily price data of indices are mapped for a time span of one year starting from first day of the crisis with respect to each black swan event. ANOVA is conducted to verify the statistical significance of results. While both health and financial crisis had significant impacts on global equity markets, the duration and severity of the effects varied The GFC had a more prolonged impact, while the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a sharp but relatively short-lived decline followed by a recovery in following weeks for all markets except Chinese stock market..

Businesses looking to expand internationally must have a firm grasp of customer behaviour in various cultural settings in order to compete in today's globalised economy. Examining the impact of cultural values, social conventions, and cognitive biases on consumer behaviour, this research delves into the psychological foundations of decision-making in global marketplaces. The study looks at how different demographic groups' views, brand perceptions, and buying motives vary between cultures. Factors like as individuality vs. collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, and power distance are examined in the research, which combines Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory and other psychological frameworks. Businesses may use the results to better engage customers and position their brand in foreign marketplaces by learning how to modify marketing methods for diverse cultural situations. Businesses may improve their cross-cultural marketing efforts by taking into account customer expectations and socio-psychological factors, according to the study's suggestions.

Financial inclusion plays a significant role in attaining the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The technology adaption playing a significant role in cutting-edge for fosters economic expansion, diminishes disparities, and empowers persons in improvised conditions. This study examines the application of financial technologies to understand the importance of financial inclusion, thereby empowering individuals in their identity security. This study explores the intricate relationship between financial inclusion and the broader goals of sustainable development using technology acceptance model. This study aims to identify the critical drivers that improve financial inclusion by examining the variables that influence the adoption of financial technologies among underserved communities. By having a better understanding of these factors, financial institutions and policymakers may more effectively use technology to increase economic opportunities, combat poverty, and foster sustainable economic growth all of which will help achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The research methodology comprehensively reviewed existing literature and empirical analyses from diverse global contexts. The study recognizes financial inclusion as a critical catalyst for achieving sustainable development goals. It seeks to unravel the nuanced connections between financial inclusion and various dimensions of sustainability, such as Poverty Alleviation, Gender Equality, And Environmental Conservation. By examining how improved access to financial literacy empowers marginalized communities and stimulates economic growth, the research aims to shed light on financial inclusion's pivotal role in advancing the global agenda for sustainable development and technology acceptance playing a pivotal role in reaching out the investor with the sample size of 157 with simple random technique as the sampling technique. The study reveals that perceived usefulness and simplicity of use, which are essential elements of TAM, significantly influence the adoption of financial technology. Elements such as trust, accessibility, and socioeconomic background also play crucial roles. The integration of digital financial services has positively impacted a number of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including economic development, gender equality, and poverty reduction. The use of financial technologies fuels financial inclusion, which is necessary to achieve the SDGs. The Technology Acceptance Model is an invaluable resource for understanding the variables that influence technology adoption. To optimize the advantages of financial inclusion, stakeholders and policymakers should concentrate on building accessibility and trust. The report recommends that future studies look at the long-term effects of financial inclusion on sustainable development and the application of emerging technologies in the financial services industry, like blockchain and artificial intelligence. Policymakers should consider these findings when formulating policies that promote sustainable development and equitable growth.

Automobiles make movement of people, and transportation of goods convenient and hence making it a fundamental necessity for businesses, individuals and the government. The automobile industry of India reflects the growth of Indian economy in terms of its performance and technological advancement. The changing demography with a larger percentage of the youth in the working age and the growing middle class led to the exploring of rural markets and the increasing logistics and passenger transport generate higher demand for commercial vehicles in future. It impacts and propels innovation, infrastructure development, economic growth, job creation and technological advancement. All these aspects make the automobile sector an essential component of the economy apart from being one of the biggest. The automobile sector is significant for the Indian economy because it is the key driver of economic growth. This present study covers 15 years period from 2009-10 to 2023-24. The study is aimed at analysing the growth trends and performance of the automobile sector in India. It analyses the production trends, domestic sales and exports of vehicles produced in India. The 2W segment clearly dominates in the production, domestic sales and export among different types of vehicles produced by the Indian automobile sector of India. The share of various classifications of automobiles in production, domestic sales and exports for the period of study substantially increased. With the economic outlook optimistic, the automobile sector is expected to witness a continuous growth in its growth trajectory.

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation is reshaping workforce dynamics, fundamentally altering traditional human resource management (HRM) practices. This paper explores the transformative role of AI-driven technologies in HRM, focusing on recruitment, employee engagement, talent management, and performance evaluation. AI-powered tools enhance efficiency by automating repetitive tasks, enabling data-driven decision-making, and optimizing workforce planning. Machine learning algorithms streamline talent acquisition by analyzing vast candidate pools, ensuring a more precise and unbiased selection process. Additionally, AI-driven analytics facilitate personalized employee experiences, fostering engagement and retention.

The integration of automation in HRM not only reduces operational inefficiencies but also augments strategic HR functions, allowing professionals to focus on fostering a people-centric work culture. However, the implementation of AI in HRM presents challenges, including ethical concerns, data privacy risks, and potential biases in algorithmic decision-making. This paper highlights key innovations, potential risks, and strategies for ensuring responsible AI adoption in HR.

By reviewing recent literature and industry trends, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of how AI and automation are redefining HRM, emphasizing the balance between technological advancements and human-centric approaches. The findings suggest that while AI enhances HR efficiency, its success depends on ethical deployment, transparency, and continuous human oversight. As organizations navigate this evolving landscape, the role of HR professionals is shifting toward data-driven decision-making and strategic workforce planning. This paper underscores the importance of integrating AI responsibly to maximize its benefits while mitigating potential risks, ultimately fostering a more agile and adaptive workforce.

In recent years, the financial sector has witnessed a significant transformation in its approach to risk management, driven by advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and big data analytics. Traditional risk management methods, reliant on historical data and basic statistical models, are being increasingly challenged by the vast, complex, and dynamic data sets available today. This review explores the pivotal role of AI and big data in reshaping financial forecasting and enhancing risk management practices. By leveraging machine learning algorithms, AI can identify patterns and correlations in large datasets that were previously undetectable, enabling financial institutions to predict market trends, assess credit risks, and optimize investment strategies with greater accuracy. Big data analytics further enhances decision-making by incorporating diverse data sources, including social media, market sentiment, and real-time transactional data, providing a more comprehensive view of potential risks. The paper delves into the integration of AI-powered models and big data techniques, such as predictive analytics, natural language processing, and neural networks, in improving the efficiency of financial risk assessments. It also examines the challenges posed by the ethical and regulatory aspects of AI and big data use in finance, emphasizing the need for transparent, responsible AI applications. Ultimately, this review highlights the transformative potential of AI and big data in modern financial risk management, advocating for their continued integration to mitigate financial uncertainties, enhance decision-making processes, and foster long-term stability in financial markets. The study provides insights into how financial institutions can harness these technologies to stay ahead in an increasingly complex and volatile market environment.

The Sustainable development goals (SDGs) were rolled out by the United Nations (UN) in the year 2015 as the replacement of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), 195 countries were the witness for the new sustainable development journey. Even after completing eight years’ journey SDGs are still the biggest challenge for the businesses and business academics. This paper is an effort to reduce this challenge by developing a strategic framework; business school sustainability scorecard (BSSSC) for SDGs-Stakeholder action. The content analysis was used to identify the five key pillars; institutional sustainability indicators (ISIs), SDGs, operating principles (OPs), critical success factors (CSFs), and stakeholders (SKTHs). The BSSSC framework will help the business schools in integration of SDGs and will also minimise the gap between academia and business.

Exposure to excessive digital information during the present era has caused consumer cognitive overload which forces them to adopt heuristic-based decisions. The digital environment solidly impacts consumer behavior because people experience cognitive biases which include anchoring bias confirmation bias and availability heuristics. The comprehension of bias impact on decision quality remains vital for better digital consumer experience along with governmental policy development. The research investigates how cognitive biases affect digital decision processes while evaluating digital literacy as an element that reduces bias impacts and investigates whether younger or older decision-makers differ in their bias responses through the assessment of cognitive maturity. The research conducted a quantitative survey using a cross-sectional design which included 400 digital consumers. The measurement of cognitive bias susceptibility and digital literacy together with decision quality took place through a structured questioning instrument. Multiple regression analysis together with ANOVA served to evaluate the relationships between cognitive biases and decision-making effectiveness. Decision quality suffers from cognitive biases when people are more susceptible to them and confirmation bias stands out as the strongest influence (β = -0.42, p < 0.001). Digital literacy functions as a protective element that helps people resist biases and make better decisions. Younger consumers between 18–24 years show higher bias susceptibility than older adults aged 45 and above which demonstrates that cognitive maturity helps reduce biases. Research results demonstrate that digital decision systems need direct inspectability because people need to detect and limit hidden bias influence through improved education about advanced technology systems. The effort to address cognitive biases within digital decision-making will increase consumer rationality and produce better policy systems and honest artificial intelligence guidance.

Despite the current fragile environmental situation prevailing across the globe, turning away from fossil fuel has been a tough challenge. Solar PV as an energy source holds key to future sustainability.

The purpose of the study is to find out suitable government policies that should drive growth of rooftop solar PV through use of an improved framework, a combination of a BOCR (Benefit, Opportunity, Cost, Risk) ANP (Analytic Network Process) model.

Using thematic analysis of data collected through literature review and focus group discussion, different policies implemented across the globe were filtered down to a few important policies for further analysis. Policies identified are Feed-in-Tariff, Capital Subsidy, Net Metering, and Financing initial capital. BOCR ANP model was applied to rank the policies and suggest the most important policy that can drive the adoption of rooftop solar PV. Feed-in-tariff was identified as the most important policy.

The integration of predictive analytics in supply chain management (SCM) has revolutionized demand forecasting by enhancing accuracy, efficiency, and responsiveness. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) play a pivotal role in analyzing vast datasets, identifying patterns, and generating precise demand predictions. This paper explores the transformative impact of AI and ML in demand forecasting, emphasizing their ability to mitigate uncertainties, optimize inventory management, and improve decision-making processes. Traditional forecasting methods often struggle to account for dynamic market conditions, leading to inefficiencies and disruptions. AI-driven predictive models leverage historical data, real-time market insights, and external factors such as economic trends and consumer behavior to generate more reliable forecasts.

Key advancements, including deep learning, natural language processing, and reinforcement learning, have further refined forecasting capabilities, enabling businesses to proactively adjust supply chain strategies. Moreover, AI-powered automation enhances supply chain agility, reduces operational costs, and minimizes wastage by aligning production with demand fluctuations. The paper also examines challenges such as data quality, integration complexities, and ethical considerations surrounding AI adoption in SCM. While AI and ML offer significant benefits, their implementation requires strategic planning, robust infrastructure, and skilled workforce development.

This paper synthesizes recent research, case studies, and industry applications to provide insights into best practices for leveraging AI and ML in demand forecasting. By addressing current limitations and exploring future trends, the study highlights how predictive analytics can drive resilience and sustainability in supply chains. Ultimately, AI-driven demand forecasting empowers organizations to navigate uncertainties, enhance customer satisfaction, and achieve competitive advantage in an increasingly complex global market.

The advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized Human Resource Management (HRM), particularly in the domain of employee development. AI-driven solutions enable personalized learning experiences, tailored career progression, and data-driven decision-making, thereby enhancing workforce productivity and engagement. This paper explores the transformative impact of AI in employee development, examining key AI applications such as intelligent learning management systems, personalized training modules, performance analytics, and AI-powered coaching. By leveraging machine learning algorithms and predictive analytics, AI facilitates the identification of skill gaps, recommends targeted training programs, and ensures continuous upskilling aligned with organizational goals. Additionally, AI enhances employee experience through adaptive career planning and real-time feedback mechanisms.

This paper also investigates the challenges associated with AI adoption in HRM, including data privacy concerns, ethical considerations, and potential biases in algorithmic decision-making. Furthermore, it discusses best practices for integrating AI within employee development strategies while maintaining a balance between technological advancements and human-centric approaches. The review highlights successful case studies where AI implementation has led to improved talent retention, enhanced learning outcomes, and increased organizational efficiency.

As organizations increasingly embrace AI-powered HR solutions, understanding its implications for workforce development becomes crucial. This study provides valuable insights for HR professionals, policymakers, and researchers, offering a comprehensive analysis of AI’s role in shaping the future of employee growth. By fostering a synergy between AI and human expertise, organizations can create a dynamic and adaptive workforce, ready to navigate the evolving demands of the digital era. The paper concludes with recommendations for optimizing AI-driven employee development frameworks while ensuring ethical, transparent, and inclusive HR practices.

This study explores the effect of digital transformation in school libraries in Ghana, focusing on evaluating how technology integration influences student learning outcomes and library services. The research employs a qualitative approach, using semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and direct observations to gather insights from key stakeholders, including students, librarians, and educators. The findings highlight the significant role of digital tools, such as e-books, online databases, and automated library systems, in improving access to information and enhancing the efficiency of library services. However, the study also identifies challenges related to inadequate infrastructure, digital literacy gaps, and the digital divide between urban and rural schools. The research recommends targeted investments in digital infrastructure, equitable resource allocation, continuous professional development programs, and public-private partnerships to address these challenges and optimize the benefits of digital transformation in Ghanaian school libraries. The study suggests that technology can significantly improve educational outcomes and promote equitable access to learning resources for all students by overcoming these barriers.

This research explores the impact of digitalization on the Indian banking sector, examining its effects on customer perception, operational efficiency and overall industry transformation. The study investigates how the adoption of digital technologies influences customer satisfaction and other variables related to digitalization of banking sector. It also addresses the crucial role of security in fostering trust and encouraging the widespread adoption of digital banking solutions. The research analyzes the drivers of digitalization and the need for increased efficiency to meet the evolving demands of customers. Furthermore, it assesses the progress of the Digital India initiative and its impact on financial inclusion and digital literacy. The findings highlight the opportunities and challenges associated with digitalization, emphasizing the need for banks to adapt their strategies, address the digital divide, and enhance cybersecurity measures to maintain competitiveness and promote inclusive growth

Digital commerce expansion has made consumer trust become a fundamental requirement for brand success. Digital brands need to develop credibility through transparent and ethical practices because they lack the opportunity to build trust through customary direct customer interactions. The growing number of privacy breaches together with misdirected advertising through unethical marketing practices has led to increased consumer doubt. Businesses need to implement honest ethical marketing strategies because rising consumer expectations require them to establish enduring relationships. The research investigates how transparent ethical marketing practices affect consumer trust alongside strategies digital brands can use to enhance consumer confidence.

A quantitative research approach was implemented to reach this goal through surveys of 450 participants from diverse demographic groups. This research utilized structured surveys comprising a five-point Likert scale to determine consumer perceptions toward transparency and ethical marketing standards and trustworthiness. The study employed descriptive statistics and correlation analysis and regression analysis and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) to investigate relationships between essential variables.

Research data confirms that transparent businesses together with ethical marketing practices create deep consumer trust. Brands that showcase fairness alongside integrity and responsible business actions get better consumer loyalty along with increased engagement. The research demonstrates how consumer trust varies across regions while showing how cultural and regulatory factors shape brand perception. Digital marketplace data shows that businesses which focus on ethical marketing joined with transparent approaches gain higher reputational strength with their client base.

The study demonstrates why digital commerce requires both transparent operations and ethical business conduct. A brand develops trust by maintaining transparent discourse and accountable data handling practices and honest interactions with their customers. Future investigations should study both technical elements within trust establishment and should evaluate multiple online industries regarding their trust building approaches.

Human beings are living in a world where the degree of uncertainties is increasing with each passing day. We already had a barrage of problems like economic crisis, political instability, human negations like suspicion and ego, social issues and the classical economic problems of inflation, labour, inequalities and unemployment. To add to it, we now have the environmental issues, technological issues with the emergence of Artificial Intelligence and the never-ending wars raging across multiple parts of the globe.  Humankind and countries cannot do away with the inherent pangs for expansion and growth. As they plan or actually expand to multiple countries, they have to tackle the inherent issue of political uncertainty.

Political risks may have several sources of origins like nationalism, other vendetta, social nudges, international ploys and many others. Thus, it is essential that companies and nations must brace themselves for this risk by taking up political risk insurance. We do not have sufficient literature around the same. To collate the entire data available, we took the sequencing techniques of searching for the articles through the database of Scopus.

Emotional intelligence (EI) has emerged as a critical factor in shaping workplace dynamics, influencing employee engagement and productivity. This paper explores the relationship between EI and workplace performance, highlighting how emotional competencies contribute to a motivated and efficient workforce. By synthesizing existing research, the study examines the role of self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills in enhancing employee engagement. Employees with high EI demonstrate greater resilience, adaptability, and interpersonal effectiveness, fostering a positive work environment that drives organizational success. Furthermore, the paper delves into how EI influences leadership effectiveness, team collaboration, and conflict resolution, all of which are essential for maintaining high levels of engagement and productivity. Leaders with strong emotional intelligence can inspire and support their teams, leading to increased job satisfaction and commitment. The review also considers the impact of EI training programs on workplace performance, suggesting that organizations investing in EI development witness improved employee morale, reduced turnover, and enhanced overall productivity. Additionally, the paper discusses the implications of EI in the evolving workplace, particularly in remote and hybrid work settings, where emotional competencies play a crucial role in maintaining communication, collaboration, and well-being. The findings suggest that integrating EI strategies into human resource management can significantly enhance workforce engagement and efficiency. This paper concludes by emphasizing the need for organizations to incorporate EI-driven policies and training initiatives to cultivate a more engaged, productive, and emotionally intelligent workforce. Future research should explore industry-specific applications of EI and its long-term impact on employee performance. By fostering emotional intelligence at all organizational levels, businesses can create a more sustainable and high-performing work environment.

Digital inclusion has emerged as a transformative tool for women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector, enabling financial access, business sustainability, and economic empowerment. This paper examines the role of digital financial services, mobile banking, and e-commerce in improving opportunities for women entrepreneurs while identifying persistent barriers such as digital illiteracy, socio-cultural constraints, and limited infrastructure. The study highlights the significance of government initiatives like NABARD’s Project E-Shakti and fintech-driven solutions in bridging the financial gap. Despite these advancements, challenges such as cybersecurity risks, lack of gender-sensitive policies, and financial exclusion continue to hinder women's participation in the digital economy. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, this study provides insights into the key challenges, opportunities, and policy recommendations for enhancing digital inclusion among women entrepreneurs in the informal sector. The findings emphasize the need for targeted financial literacy programs, regulatory reforms, and digital infrastructure development to ensure equitable digital participation for women.

This study investigates the dynamics of wheat productivity in Algeria under the pressure of climate change, utilizing quantitative data from 2001 to 2021. The research employs an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to assess the impact of climatic factors (temperature), agricultural inputs (tractors, harvesters, nitrogen consumption), and their interrelationships on wheat yield. The analysis reveals a significant long-run equilibrium relationship between these variables and wheat productivity. Key findings indicate that increased temperature negatively affects wheat productivity, while the use of harvesters and tractors have positive impact on wheat production. Also, the use of Nitrogen consumption has a positive impact on wheat productivity. The model exhibits satisfactory explanatory power (R-squared = 0.875) and passes various diagnostic tests, confirming its robustness. The results highlight the vulnerability of Algerian wheat production to climate change and underscore the importance of technological advancements and optimized input management for ensuring food security. This research emphasizes the need for targeted agricultural policies aimed at mitigating climate change impacts and promoting sustainable wheat production practices in Algeria.

This study examines the extent to which banks are transitioning to sustainable financing to support the green economy and explores the relationship between banks, sustainable funding, and the green economy. It analyzes the experiences of various banks worldwide, including First Abu Dhabi Bank in the United Arab Emirates, Triodos Bank in the Netherlands, and Riyadh Bank in Saudi Arabia. The findings indicate that these banks are actively advancing sustainable financing by integrating environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations to promote sustainable development. Furthermore, the study highlights the interconnected relationship between banks, sustainable funding, and the green economy, emphasizing how financial resources allocated to environmentally friendly enterprises enable banks to foster a more sustainable and inclusive green economy.

In today's world, the aviation business is sculpturing tremendous expansion, which has resulted in an increased need for better human resources management within the airline industry. In order to fulfil the growing demands of the aviation industry, there is a growing concern for capable leadership. Studies have shown that transformational leadership is the most suitable approach in this situation. In tandem with the growing interest in transformational leadership, there has been a growth in the number of queries about the means by which airlines may maintain their high standards of quality and safety. Under these circumstances, it is of the utmost importance to conduct an analysis of the factors that have the potential to influence the levels of employee engagement and to take the appropriate safeguards, therefore the concepts of transformational leadership, employee engagement, and organisational culture are evaluated and investigated as variables in the research. Within the realm of aviation literature, there exists a minuscule quantity of research that provides explanations about staff engagement and leadership. Furthermore, with regard to the Indian Aviation Industry, there is no research that has been discovered on transformational leadership and employee engagement. To put this into perspective, the study that we conducted looked at the ways in which transformational leadership styles influence employee engagement, both positively and adversely. In present day organisations, the culture of the organisation is widely recognised as a significant factor in determining the level of employee engagement. In this context, it has come to light that studies have been conducted that have shown that the culture of the organisation is a significant determinant in the process of increasing the degree of involvement both inside the organisation and among its members.  In terms of the methodological component of this research, the universe consisted of 512 people working for aviation organisations, and a survey was carried out and examined. Taking into consideration the influence of transformational leadership, the current research investigated the impact of culture as a mediating factor on employee engagement. It has been determined that the analysis of the effect of Transformational leadership on Employee Engagement must take into account the cultural variable, since behaviour is impacted by both individual and environmental influences.

Literature has long served as a powerful medium for shaping human perspectives on nature and the environment. This paper explores the role of literature in fostering environmental consciousness through ecocritical perspectives in modern English literature. Ecocriticism, as a literary and cultural approach, examines the relationship between literature and the natural world, analyzing how environmental themes are depicted and their influence on societal attitudes toward ecological sustainability. The study highlights key literary works from modern English literature that engage with environmental concerns, including climate change, deforestation, and human exploitation of nature. It examines the ways in which authors employ narrative techniques, symbolism, and character development to advocate for ecological awareness. Through an ecocritical lens, the paper investigates how literature has contributed to shaping environmental ethics, inspiring activism, and fostering a deeper connection between humans and nature.

Furthermore, this paper discusses the evolution of environmental discourse in literature, tracing its development from Romanticism to contemporary eco-fiction. It explores how literature serves as a reflection of ecological anxieties and a catalyst for change by challenging anthropocentric worldviews and promoting sustainable practices. The analysis also considers the role of literary criticism in amplifying environmental concerns and bridging the gap between literature and ecological sciences. By synthesizing insights from various literary works and critical perspectives, this study underscores the significance of literature in cultivating environmental awareness and fostering a collective responsibility toward nature. The findings highlight the transformative potential of literature in shaping public discourse and influencing environmental policies. This paper ultimately affirms that literature remains an essential tool in addressing ecological crises and advocating for a sustainable future.

Project planning, execution, and monitoring are being revolutionized by the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in project management. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to greatly increase productivity and boost decision-making skills. Examples of these technologies are machine learning, natural language processing, and predictive analytics. In order to automate repetitive procedures, analyze massive datasets, and provide data-driven insights, this study investigates how AI-driven tools and systems simplify project management processes. Project results may be improved by the use of AI, which can forecast possible hazards, optimize resource allocation, and support real-time decision-making. AI also improves teamwork and communication by leveraging chatbots and virtual assistants that are intelligent and can offer real-time assistance and direction.  The power of AI to save costs, decrease mistakes, and enhance overall project performance is demonstrated in this study, which emphasizes the revolutionary influence of AI on project management. The report highlights best practices for incorporating AI into project management processes by looking at a variety of case studies and existing industry practices. In the end, this article seeks to offer a thorough grasp of how artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are changing the project management environment, enabling managers to make better decisions and accomplish greater levels of efficiency and project success.

Cybercrimes such as phishing, hacking, identity theft, fraud, and misrepresentation are increasingly eroding consumer confidence in e-commerce across Sub-Saharan Africa. As a result, Cybersecurity has become a critical concern for businesses, consumers, and governments. This study examines the relationship between Cybersecurity, Uncertainty Avoidance, Digital Trust, and the Continual Usage of e-commerce platforms among consumers in Ghana. Using structural equation modeling, the study reveals that Cybersecurity significantly influences Continual Usage, Uncertainty Avoidance, and ICT Skills. It also finds that Uncertainty Avoidance mediates the relationship between Cybersecurity and Digital Trust, while ICT Skills mediate the relationship between Cybersecurity and Continual Usage. Furthermore, Uncertainty Avoidance, Digital Trust, and ICT Skills collectively explain the relationship between Cybersecurity and Continual Usage of e-commerce platforms. The findings emphasize the need for strong Cybersecurity measures with user-friendly features, user training to enhance ICT Skills, and effective regulatory policies to reduce uncertainty among the risk-averse consumers. This approach encourages greater adoption of e-commerce while mitigating the risks of cyberattacks. The insights have practical implications for e-commerce businesses, policymakers, and individuals, highlighting the importance of Cybersecurity in building Digital Trust and fostering Continual Usage. The study contributes to the existing literature by underscoring the critical role of Cybersecurity in cultivating consumer trust and loyalty within the e-commerce sector.